Patients At Early Stages Of Cancer Essay - 2257 Words

Literature Review Patients at early stages of cancer, pre metastasis, can often be cured by surgically removing the tumor. On the other hand, Patients with progressed cancer, which has metastasized, must be treated with systemic therapies. Common therapies used today are radiation and chemotherapy. Although in some cases these treatments are effective in removing tumors, they are not entirely selective towards cells within the tumor and are toxic to the patient. A relatively new approach towards cancer treatment is targeted therapy; drugs which inhibit specific molecules involved in tumor development. These drugs are more specific towards tumor cells and less damaging to normal cells [R]. Although Initial therapeutic responses to targeted therapy drugs are promising, many patients will experience regrowth and progression of the tumor within several months following treatment [R, A]. Typical detectable metastatic lesions are expected to contain hundreds of cells resistant to the drug before the start o f treatment. These cells would then expand during treatment, repopulate the tumor, and cause treatment failure [R]. Along with preexisting mutations, these targeted therapies put massive selective pressures on the diverse cell populations of the tumor which drive the tumor cells by natural selection to select mutations that cause resistance. This resistance could result from several different processes of which genetic alternation in the drug targets and development ofShow MoreRelatedThe Mortality Rate Of Ovarian Cancer1512 Words   |  7 Pagessystem. Ovarian cancer is located in the ovaries where uncontrollable multiplication of cancer cells occur (Garnick, 2014). Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death in women in the United States (Su, 2013). There are over 200,000 new cases each year worldwide and it is common in women over the age of 60 (Brain, 2014). 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